VHF (30-300 MHz) and UHF (300 MHz-3 GHz) are radio bands used for communication. VHF provides longer range with less obstruction, ideal for FM radio, aviation, and marine use. UHF offers better penetration in urban areas, making it suitable for TV, mobile phones, and walkie-talkies. Both rely on line-of-sight transmission, but UHF handles obstacles better. VHF is less prone to interference, while UHF supports higher bandwidth. They are essential in public safety, military, and amateur radio applications.